In modern warehouses, especially those utilizing robotic systems like AMRs (Autonomous Mobile Robots), AGVs (Automated Guided Vehicles), and AutoStore, floor precision isn't just desirable — it’s essential. Two key measurements define how a floor performs: Floor Flatness (FF) and Floor Levelness (FL).
What is FF (Floor Flatness)?
Floor Flatness (FF) measures the smoothness of a concrete floor over short distances. It evaluates how much the floor surface rises or falls over a horizontal span, typically measured over 12-inch increments.
In simple terms:
- A high FF number means the floor is very smooth with minimal bumps or dips.
- A low FF number indicates a surface with more irregularities and abrupt elevation changes.
Why it matters for robotics:
Small bumps, dips, or surface waves can interfere with robot mobility, affect sensor readings, disrupt navigation algorithms, and increase mechanical wear and tear.
What is FL (Floor Levelness)?
Floor Levelness (FL) measures the overall slope or tilt of the floor over a larger area. It indicates how closely the floor follows a true horizontal plane across long distances.
In simple terms:
- A high FL number means the floor is very level — minimal slope from one end to another.
- A low FL number means that the floor has noticeable pitch or undulations over larger spans.
Why it matters for robotics:
Excessive slope can cause autonomous vehicles to drift, struggle with positioning accuracy,
and consume more energy when traveling uphill or downhill within the warehouse.
The Key Difference Between FF and FL
Term
FF (Flatness)
FL (Levelness)
Measures
Smoothness over short distances
Consistency of elevation over large areas
Scale
Local surface variations (small scale)
Overall slope or tilt (large scale)
Main Impact on Robotics
Navigation precision, wheel traction, vibration
Path planning, load balancing, energy use
In robotic fulfillment environments, both FF and FL must meet tighter tolerances compared to traditional warehouses.
While conventional warehouses may accept FF35/FL25 (typical class C), robotics-driven facilities often require FF50/FL35 or higher to ensure reliable, efficient operation.
At BNE Concrete Floors & Coatings its our commitment to the high standards our clients require. Our in-house engineers and experienced trades people will ensure that your floor will exceed your expectations while meeting your budget requirements.
Whether it’s a new slab that requires a specific floor tolerance, or if you are considering automating your current facility, BNE will work with you to design the right fit floor. From placing and finishing high-tolerance concrete floors, laser grinding narrow aisles, to installing self levelers, BNE will have the right solution for you.
If you are exploring warehouse automation and would like BNE to consult on your potential project,
please give our team a call 1-888-738-6606.
